Prolonged sitting can lead to various negative health implications, including an increased risk of obesity, heart disease, and type 2 diabetes. It can also result in muscle atrophy, especially in the lower body, and contribute to poor posture and back pain. Additionally, extended periods of sedentary behavior may affect mental health by increasing feelings of anxiety and depression. Regular movement and breaks throughout the day can mitigate these risks, promoting better overall health and well-being.