The city that served as the capital of the Roman Empire is Rome. It was the center of political power, culture, and economy during the empire's peak. The Pantheon, Colosseum, and various other monumental structures highlight Rome's historical significance. It played a crucial role in the development of Western civilization, law, and governance, influencing many cultures around the world. Rome's legacy continues to thrive, making it a vital place for history enthusiasts and scholars. Today, it remains a bustling city that attracts millions of tourists annually.