The primary climate type found in the tundra biome is the polar climate. Characterized by extremely low temperatures, short growing seasons, and limited vegetation, tundras occur in polar regions and high mountain areas. The tundra's permafrost layer, which is permanently frozen ground, significantly affects its ecosystem. Despite its harsh conditions, the tundra is home to unique wildlife adapted to survival, including animals like the arctic fox and snowy owl. This biome plays a crucial role in the global climate system and carbon storage.