Joan of Arc is known as the "Maid of Orléans." A peasant girl born around 1412 in France, she played a crucial role during the Hundred Years' War between France and England. Claimed to have received visions from saints instructing her to support Charles VII, she became a key figure in lifting the Siege of Orléans in 1429. This victory was pivotal in rallying French forces and ultimately leading to Charles VII's coronation as king. Captured in 1430, she was tried for heresy and executed in 1431, later becoming a symbol of French nationalism and eventually canonized as a saint.