Plants undergo photosynthesis to make food, a process that converts light energy into chemical energy. This occurs mainly in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where chlorophyll captures sunlight. During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and water from the soil. Using sunlight as energy, they convert these raw materials into glucose (a sugar) and oxygen. The glucose serves as a source of energy and building blocks for growth, while oxygen is released as a byproduct. Photosynthesis is crucial for life on Earth, as it forms the base of the food chain and replenishes atmospheric oxygen.