The term for the controlled cultivation of plants and animals is "agriculture." This encompasses various practices aimed at producing food, fiber, and other products that are essential for human society. Agriculture includes the cultivation of crops, raising livestock, and managing resources like soil and water to ensure sustainable production. Innovations in agriculture have led to improved yields and efficiency, supporting a growing global population. Sustainability has become increasingly important in modern agriculture due to environmental concerns, as practices such as organic farming and permaculture promote ecological balance while meeting human needs.