The process of removing salt from seawater is called desalination. This technique is increasingly important as freshwater resources become scarcer due to population growth, climate change, and pollution. Desalination methods primarily include distillation, where seawater is heated to create steam that is then condensed into freshwater, and reverse osmosis, where seawater is forced through semi-permeable membranes to separate salt from water. Desalination plants can provide a reliable source of drinking water, particularly in arid regions and island communities. However, the process can be energy-intensive and potentially harmful to marine ecosystems if not managed responsibly, highlighting the need for sustainable approaches.