The process of liquid water becoming water vapor is called evaporation. Evaporation occurs when water molecules at the surface gain enough energy, typically from heat, to transition into a gaseous state. This process is a critical component of the water cycle, contributing to weather patterns and atmospheric moisture levels. Various factors, such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed, influence the rate of evaporation. It plays a vital role in regulating climate and sustaining ecosystems by facilitating precipitation and replenishing water sources.