The primary component of natural gas is methane (CH4), a colorless, odorless gas comprised of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms. Methane is the simplest hydrocarbon and is formed through geological processes over millions of years from the decomposition of organic materials beneath the Earth's surface. Natural gas is used extensively as a source of energy for heating, electricity generation, and as a fuel for vehicles. Its versatility makes it a key player in the energy landscape, offering cleaner-burning fuel options compared to coal or oil. Methane is also a significant greenhouse gas, prompting discussions on its environmental impact.