The main ingredient used to make traditional pizza is dough, which serves as the foundation for the dish. The dough is typically made from flour, water, yeast, and salt, creating a versatile base that can be shaped into different styles, such as thin crust or deep dish. Once the dough is prepared and baked, it is topped with various ingredients including tomato sauce, cheese, and a wide range of toppings like vegetables, meats, and herbs. The combination of a well-prepared dough and high-quality toppings is crucial to achieving the flavorful balance that defines classic pizza.