The chemical composition of methane (CH₄) consists of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms. Methane is the simplest alkane and is a colorless, odorless gas at room temperature. It is primarily produced through both natural processes, such as the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter, and human activities, including fossil fuel extraction and livestock digestion. Methane is a significant greenhouse gas, with a heat-trapping ability much greater than carbon dioxide over a shorter time frame. Its role in climate change underscores the importance of managing methane emissions in various industries, particularly agriculture and waste management.