The ancient civilization known for its written language, cuneiform, is the Sumerians. This early civilization emerged in Mesopotamia, specifically in the southern region of modern-day Iraq, around 3500 BCE. The Sumerians developed one of the first known writing systems, cuneiform, which involved pressing a reed stylus into clay tablets to create wedge-shaped symbols. Cuneiform was used for various purposes, including record-keeping, literature, and administrative tasks. The Sumerians also made significant contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and law. Their cultural and technological innovations laid the groundwork for subsequent civilizations in the region, influencing human history.