The famous wall that separated East and West Berlin is known as the Berlin Wall. Erected in 1961 during the Cold War, it served as a physical and ideological boundary between East Germany, which was aligned with the Soviet Union, and West Germany, which was aligned with the West. The Berlin Wall was a powerful symbol of division, oppression, and the struggle for freedom. It remained in place until its fall in 1989, which marked a significant turning point in history, leading to the reunification of Germany and the eventual collapse of communist regimes across Eastern Europe.