The central ritual during the Hindu festival of Makar Sankranti is the celebration of the sun's northward journey (Uttarayana). It marks the transition of the sun into the zodiac sign of Capricorn and signifies the end of winter. People celebrate by flying kites, performing ritual baths in sacred rivers, and preparing traditional sweets made from sesame and jaggery. This festival symbolizes new beginnings and the increase of daylight, encouraging joy and gratitude for the harvest season.