The UPSC exams utilize various text-based examination styles, primarily focusing on assessing candidates' understanding and analytical abilities. The main formats include descriptive essays, multiple-choice questions, and case studies. Descriptive essays require candidates to articulate their thoughts coherently on specific topics, demonstrating critical thinking and in-depth knowledge. Multiple-choice questions test recall and understanding of concepts, while case studies evaluate practical application and problem-solving skills. This combination of examination styles aims to assess a candidate's comprehensive skill set, ensuring they are well-rounded and prepared for civil services roles.