In the UPSC Main Examination, the subjects mandatory for all candidates include Indian Language (selected from the scheduled languages), English, and General Studies (four papers). General Studies covers a range of topics, including Indian polity, governance, social issues, and international relations. The Indian Language and English papers are intended to assess candidates’ proficiency in communication, while the General Studies papers gauge their understanding of diverse subjects relevant to administration and public service. Thorough preparation in these subjects is critical for scoring well in the Mains.