Candidates should adopt methodologies like the spaced repetition technique and Active Learning for breaking down complex subjects in UPSC. Utilizing structured study schedules that allocate time for intensive review of difficult topics enables effective command over the material. Mind mapping is another useful tool, visually organizing key points and relationships between concepts. Additionally, dividing subjects into manageable parts ensures that aspirants can focus progressively on mastering each component. Combining theoretical study with practical application, such as solving previous years’ questions, reinforces understanding and prepares candidates for the exam format.