Project-based assessments offer several advantages over traditional exams by emphasizing critical thinking and practical application of knowledge. Unlike standardized tests that often focus on rote memorization, project-based assessments allow students to engage in hands-on learning, fostering creativity and collaboration. This approach encourages deeper understanding as students investigate real-world issues, thereby retaining knowledge more effectively. Additionally, these assessments can be tailored to reflect individual interests and learning styles, providing a more holistic evaluation of a student's capabilities and preparation for exams like UPSC.