General knowledge and current affairs are tested in the UPSC exam through both objective and descriptive questions. The preliminary exam assesses candidates’ awareness of current events via multiple-choice questions, while the mains exam requires in-depth understanding and analytical abilities in essay-form questions. Candidates must synthesize information on various socio-economic and political topics, reflecting their ability to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world situations. This testing approach is crucial for evaluating a candidate’s preparedness for a role in public administration.