The prominent figure in the fight for Indian independence known for his philosophy of non-violent civil disobedience is Mahatma Gandhi. He was a key leader in the Indian National Congress and advocated for peaceful protests against British colonial rule. Gandhi's principles of ahimsa (non-violence) and satyagraha (truth-force) inspired civil rights movements worldwide. His efforts culminated in India gaining independence in 1947. Gandhi's legacy of peace and social justice remains influential across the globe.