The individual known as the "Father of Modern Physics" for his groundbreaking contributions to the field is Albert Einstein. His development of the theory of relativity, particularly the famous equation E=mc², transformed our understanding of space, time, and energy. Einstein's work laid the foundation for numerous advancements in modern physics and technology, impacting various scientific fields, including cosmology and quantum mechanics. His intellectual achievements earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921, solidifying his legacy.