Judith Butler examined the role of culture in shaping gender norms through her influential theories on gender performativity and identity. Butler's work challenges traditional notions of gender as a fixed binary, advocating for understanding gender as a spectrum influenced by societal norms and expectations. Her seminal texts, including "Gender Trouble," highlight the performative aspects of gender and the implications for feminism and LGBTQ+ movements. Butler's ideas have sparked critical discussions about the fluidity of identity and the socio-cultural forces that shape our understanding of gender.