The influential American author known for "The Grapes of Wrath" is John Steinbeck. This novel, published in 1939, depicts the hardships faced by Dust Bowl migrants during the Great Depression. Steinbeck's poignant storytelling and vivid imagery highlight the themes of social injustice, family struggle, and resilience. His portrayal of the Joad family exemplifies the search for hope amidst adversity, positioning Steinbeck as a key figure in American literature.