The famous author who created "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" is Mark Twain, a pen name for Samuel Clemens. Published in 1876, this novel captures the adventures of a young boy growing up along the Mississippi River. Twain's use of humor, dialect, and rich storytelling has made this book a classic in American literature. It explores themes of childhood, friendship, and social issues of the time. Twain's influence extends beyond literature, as he remains a significant cultural figure in American history.