Mahatma Gandhi faced numerous challenges in leading India to independence, including colonial oppression, societal divisions, and widespread poverty. His philosophy of nonviolence and civil disobedience often encountered resistance from both colonial authorities and fellow nationalists. Gandhi promoted unity among diverse religions and communities, which was crucial in combating the British Raj. His commitment to peaceful protest attracted global attention, but the struggle for independence also involved personal sacrifices and political setbacks. Gandhi's vision ultimately helped India achieve independence in 1947, solidifying his legacy as a key figure in anti-colonial movements.